Archives mensuelles : novembre 2012

Programme de l’atelier international sur l’esclavage dans l’Empire ottoman(23 novembre 2012, Paris) / Ottoman Slavery Workshop Programme (November 23rd,2012, Paris)

Endroit/location: Salle Lévi-Strauss (salle 3, rdc/ground floor),
Collège de France — 52, rue du Cardinal Lemoine, Paris 75005
Organisé par le CETOBAC (Centre d’études turques, ottomanes, balkaniques et centrasiatiques) (CNRS-EHESS-Collège de France) et l’EPHE-IVe Section (Fondation Campus Condorcet-UMR 7192)

Argumentaire: L’esclavage est un élément fondamental de la société ottomane dite « classique », mais insuffisamment étudié en raison de l’intérêt qui a été longtemps exclusivement porté sur l’esclavage d’Etat ou à la question des captifs en Méditerranée. A l’heure actuelle, il n’existe aucune synthèse satisfaisante en la matière. Les publications d’Ehud Toledano ont porté sur le commerce des esclaves et sa diminution par étapes au XIXe siècle. Hakan Erdem s’est également intéressé au dernier siècle de l’institution jusqu’à l’éclatement de l’Empire après la fin de la Première guerre mondiale, tandis que Madeline Zilfi a repris la littérature secondaire sous l’optique des gender studies. Or la recherche est en train d’évoluer, notamment la jeune recherche, puisque plusieurs thèses sont actuellement en cours de préparation ou d’achèvement sur des sujets voisins, sous la direction de professeurs prestigieux dans le domaine ottomaniste. L’ambition de l’atelier est de traiter le plus possible des différentes facettes de l’institution de sur les plans thématique, géographique et chronologique. Pour ce faire, les communicants mettront l’accent sur la diversité de leurs sources et leurs approches. La critique de l’historiographie ne sera pas négligée, toutefois la priorité sera donnée à la présentation des travaux inédits. Aborder l’espace ottoman de l’époque moderne en tant qu’aire culturelle fournira potentiellement des outils et des élements nécessaires pour le discernement des spécificités et des traits distinctifs de l’esclavage ottoman, avec la prise en considération de l’évolution historique de l’institution. Sur ce point, la provenance de la documentation des provinces centrales, mais aussi des marges de l’Empire se situe au cœur de l’analyse.

Overview: Slavery is a fundamental component of the so-called « classical » Ottoman society, although it has remained largely unexplored because the research exclusively focused on state slavery (ḳul system) and captives in the Mediterranean. At present, there is no satisfactory synthesis on the matter. Ehud Toledano’s publications aimed at studying the 19th century slave trade and its gradual suppression. Hakan Erdem also examined the institution’s demise in the late Ottoman Empire, whereas Madeline Zilfi analysed the historiography through a gender studies approach. And yet, the research is in constant evolution, especially by young academics. The theses of these young researchers on neighbouring topics to Ottoman slavery, advised by prestigious professors of Ottoman studies, are in progress and/or already submitted. The workshop’s ambition is to tackle different thematic, geographic and chronological aspects of the institution as much as possible. In order to do so, the participants will emphasise the diversity of their sources and approaches. Criticism of historiography won’t be neglected, although the priority will be given to the presentation of unpublished original research. Dealing with the early modern Ottoman space as a cultural area can potentially provide the necessary tools for discerning the specific characteristics and distinctive features of Ottoman slavery, along with the consideration of the institution’s historical evolution. In this respect, the documentation of the central provinces, as well as that of the Empire’s margins will be situated at the heart of the analysis.

9h00-9h30/9:00-9:30 a.m.: Accueil/Welcome-introduction

9h30-11h00/9:30-11:00 a.m.: L’esclavage au quotidien au XVIe siècle / Slavery in 16th century daily life

Président de séance: Wolfgang Kaiser, Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne/EHESS

Hayri Gökşin Özkoray (EPHE, UMR 7192 – associé CETOBAC): « L’esclavage domestique au XVIe s. dans les provinces dites “centrales” (La Roumélie et l’Anatolie) »

Nur Sobers Khan (University Of Cambridge): « “Firasetle nazar edesin”: Recreating the gaze of the Ottoman slave owner at the confluence of textual genres »

11h00-11h30/11:00-11:30 a.m.: Pause café/Coffee break

11h30-13h00/11:30a.m.-1:00 p.m.: La doctrine juridique de l’esclavage ottoman (XVIe-XVIIIe s.) / The juridical doctrine of Ottoman slavery (16th-18th centuries)

Président de séance: Nicolas Vatin, EPHE

Joshua Michael White (University of Virginia): « Piracy and Slavery in Early Modern Ottoman Islamic Law »

Yavuz Aykan (Humboldt Universität zu Berlin): « Qu’est-ce qu’une ümm-i veled? La question de la loi et de la propriété en corrélation avec la question de la liberté et de l’esclavage »

13h00-14h30/1:00-2:30 p.m.: Déjeuner/Lunch

14h30-16h00/Le sort des Africains subsahariens dans l’Empire ottoman (XVIIIe-XIXe s.) / The fate of Sub-Saharan Africans in the Ottoman Empire (18th-19th centuries)

Président de séance: M’hamed Oualdi (INALCO)

Yiannis Spyropoulos (Université de Crète): « Slaves and Freedmen in Early Ottoman Crete » Michael Ferguson (McGill University): « Enslaved and Emancipated Africans in 19th century “Cosmopolitan Izmir” »

16h00-16h30/4:00-4:30 p.m.: Pause café/Coffee break

16h30-18h00/4:30-6:00 p.m.: Discussion générale: étudier l’esclavage dans l’Empire ottoman / General discussion: studying slavery in the Ottoman Empire

 

Guillaume Calafat

Maître de conférences en histoire moderne (Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne/Institut d'histoire moderne et contemporaine). Membre junior de l'Institut Universitaire de France (2022).

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Working lives between the deck and the dock: comparative perspectives on sailors as international labourers (16th-18th centuries)

The conference will examine the early modern maritime sector as an early example of an international labour market and it is conceived as an integral part of the project Sailing into Modernity: comparative perspectives on the sixteenth- and seventeenth-century European economic transition, funded by the European Research Council and led by Maria Fusaro with the assistance of Bernard Allaire, Richard Blakemore and Tijl Vanneste. More details on the project can be found at: http://centres.exeter.ac.uk/cmhs/research/sailing%20into%20modernity%20index.html

This ERC project is a comparative study of the contractual conditions and economic treatment of sailors active in the Mediterranean and aims to test the hypothesis that differences in the legal and financial treatment of sailors were one of the crucial factors in the ultimate success of northern European economies in their commercial penetration of the Mediterranean.

For the conference we would like to complement the project’s focus on Italy (Genoa and Venice), France, England and the United Provinces by widening the field to other nations commercially active in the Mediterranean (such as Spain, the Holy Roman Empire, and Scandinavian countries) and other European Seas (such as the Baltic, North Sea and eastern Atlantic). Hoping to gain comparative insights we also welcome contributions that deal with these issues in other maritime regions around the globe in these centuries.

We are especially keen to include contributions based on new archival research that will directly engage with the main themes of the project:

  • sailors’ wages
  • contractual conditions
  • sailors’ litigation at home and abroad
  • sailors’ social and economic make-up
  • managing multi-national crews
  • information exchange in the maritime world

The conference will take place at the University of Exeter 10-12 September 2013, and we plan to publish a selection of the papers presented as a collective volume.We welcome submissions of paper proposals by the 30 December 2012. By this date please send to sailors-conference@exeter.ac.uk

a)    a 1000 words abstract of your proposed paper;

b)    a full CV with contact address.

We plan to shortlist by the beginning of February 2013, and we shall need electronic copies of the papers by the 31 July 2013.

If you have any questions about the conference please contact the organizing committee at sailors-conference@exeter.ac.uk

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Guillaume Calafat

Maître de conférences en histoire moderne (Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne/Institut d'histoire moderne et contemporaine). Membre junior de l'Institut Universitaire de France (2022).

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Follow Me:
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